This concept focuses on how the structures of biomolecules give rise to properties that allow these biomolecules to carry out their functions. One of these functions involves regulating the transport of substances into and out of the cell. This regulation is afforded by the properties of the cell membrane which comprises phospholipids and proteins. Regulation of the movements is important for several biochemical processes to occur.
This concept focuses on how the structures of biomolecules give rise to properties that allow these biomolecules to carry out their functions. One of these functions involves regulating the transport of substances into the out of the cell. This regulation is afforded by the properties of the cell membrane which comprises phospholipids and proteins. Regulation of the movements is important for several biochemical processes to occur.
Proteins play a variety of roles in structural, transport, enzymatic and signalling functions. This concept focuses on the structure and properties of protein and how temperature and pH may contribute to the denaturation of proteins. The structure of a protein is related to its function.
Explain the mode of action of enzymes in terms of an active site, enzyme-substrate complex, lowering of activation energy and enzyme specificity using the lock-and-key and induced-fit hypotheses
Investigate and explain the effects of temperature, pH, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration of an enzyme-catalysed reaction by measuring rates of formation of products (eg. Measuring gas produced using catalase) or rate of disappearance of substrate (eg. Using amylase, starch and iodine)
Describe the structure of competitive and non-competitive inhibitors with reference to the binding sites of the inhibitor
Explain the effects of competitive and non-competitive inhibitors (including allosteric inhibitors) on the rate of enzyme activity
This concept discusses the typical cell model of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including plants and animals. A strong understanding of the structure of the following organelles and cellular structures in relation to their function is necessary: rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes, chloroplasts, cell surface membrane, nuclear envelope, centrioles, nucleus and nucleolus.
This concept focuses on how the structures of biomolecules give rise to properties that allow these biomolecules to carry out their functions. One of these functions involves regulating the transport of substances into and out of the cell. This regulation is afforded by the properties of the cell membrane which comprises phospholipids and proteins. Regulation of the movements is important for several biochemical processes to occur.
There are two different types of cell cycles: mitotic and meiotic. Cell cycles are tightly regulated at various checkpoints. The mitotic cel cycle is necessary for growth and repair while the meiotic cell cycle is necessary to generate gametes. Meiosis gives rise to genetic variation between gametes through Crossing over of homologous chromosomes and the independent assortment of bivalents.
This concept highlights the diversity in cell tỵpe and the morphology in an organism. In an organism, all cells except the gametes are genetically identical. Yet, a liver cell, a rod cell in the eye and an epithelial cell in the ileum differ significantly in terms of morphology and function due to differential gene expression. The same genome gives rise to a wide range of cells which further form tissues, organs and Systems in an organism.
